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Annals of Oncology Advance Access published online on January 10, 2008
Annals of Oncology, doi:10.1093/annonc/mdm590
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© 2008 European Society for Medical Oncology. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Alcohol consumption and renal cell cancer risk in two Italian case–control studies

C. Pelucchi1,*, C. Galeone1, M. Montella2, J. Polesel3, A. Crispo2, R. Talamini3, E. Negri1, V. Ramazzotti4, M. Grimaldi2, S. Franceschi5 and C. La Vecchia1,6

1 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ‘Mario Negri’, 20157 Milan
2 Servizio di Epidemiologia, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80100 Naples
3 S.O.C. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, 33081 Aviano
4 Servizio Integrato di Epidemiologia e Sistemi Informativi (SINTESI), Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Regina Elena’, 00144 Roma, Italy
5 International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex, France
6 Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria ‘G. A. Maccacaro’, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy

* Correspondence to: Dr C. Pelucchi, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ‘Mario Negri’, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy. Tel: +39-02-39014577; Fax: +39-02-33200231; E-mail: pelucchi{at}marionegri.it

Background: There is some evidence that alcohol consumption is inversely associated with renal cell cancer (RCC), but the issue is still unclear.

Patients and methods: We investigated the relation using data from two Italian multicentric case–control studies conducted from 1985 to 2004, including a total of 1115 incident, histologically confirmed cases and 2582 controls hospitalised with acute, non-neoplastic conditions.

Results: Compared with non-drinkers, the multivariate odds ratios (ORs) of RCC were 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73–1.04] for ≤4 drinks per day, 0.76 (95% CI 0.59–0.99) for >4 to ≤8 drinks per day and 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–0.97) for >8 drinks per day of alcoholic beverages, with a significant inverse trend in risk (P value = 0.01). The ORs were 0.85 (95% CI 0.71–1.02) for wine, 0.84 (95% CI 0.68–1.03) for beer and 0.86 (95% CI 0.70–1.05) for spirits consumption, as compared with abstainers. No trend in risk of RCC emerged with duration (P value = 0.94) and age at starting alcohol consumption (P value = 0.81). Results were consistent in men and women, as well as in strata of age, smoking and body mass index.

Conclusions: This pooled analysis found an inverse association between alcohol drinking and RCC. Risks continued to decrease even above eight drinks per day (i.e. >100 g/day) of alcohol intake, with no apparent levelling in risk.

alcohol drinking, alcoholic beverages, case–control studies, renal cell carcinoma, risk factors

Received for publication October 17, 2007. Revision received December 6, 2007. Accepted for publication December 6, 2007.


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