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Annals of Oncology Advance Access published online on October 17, 2007
Annals of Oncology, doi:10.1093/annonc/mdm476
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© 2007 European Society for Medical Oncology

Small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction: review of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering experience

G. Y. Ku1, B. D. Minsky2, V. W. Rusch3, M. Bains3, D. P. Kelsen1 and D. H. Ilson1,*

1 Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine
2 Thoracic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
3 Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

* Correspondence to: Dr D. H. Ilson, Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. Tel: +1-212-639-8306; Fax: +1-212-717-3320; E-mail: ilsond{at}mskcc.org

Background: Esophageal small-cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare, highly malignant and the optimal treatment approach has not been defined.

Patients and methods: We report the largest single-institution retrospective review of patients with esophageal and gastroesophageal (GE) junction SCC.

Results: Twenty-five patients were identified, with complete records available for 22. Eighty-two percent were male, 82% had pure SCC histology and 86% of tumors were in the lower esophagus or GE junction. On the basis of the Veterans’ Administration Lung Study Group criteria, 14 patients (64%) presented with limited disease (LD). Median survival was 19.8 months (range, 1.5 months to 11.2+ years); for LD patients, 22.3 months (range, 6 months to 11.2+ years); for extensive disease (ED) patients, 8.5 months (range, 1.5 months to 2.2 years, P = 0.02). With a median follow-up of 38 months, six patients (27%) are alive, one with ED and five with LD. Two LD patients are alive and free of disease for >5 years. Four of the five LD patients who are long-term survivors received induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy without surgery.

Conclusions: Our data indicate that patients with LD esophageal SCC treated with induction chemotherapy followed by consolidative chemoradiation can achieve long-term survival. The contribution of surgery remains unclear.

chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy, esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, radiotherapy, small cell carcinoma, surgery

Received for publication September 4, 2007. Revision received September 6, 2007. Accepted for publication September 10, 2007.


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