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Annals of Oncology Advance Access published online on October 27, 2006
Annals of Oncology, doi:10.1093/annonc/mdl388
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© 2006 European Society for Medical Oncology
Received April 23, 2006
Revised September 12, 2006
Accepted September 13, 2006

original article

Prevalence of HCV infection in nongastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT

L. Arcaini 1 *, S. Burcheri 1, A. Rossi 2, M. Paulli 3, R. Bruno 4, F. Passamonti 1, E. Brusamolino 1, A. Molteni 5, A. Pulsoni 6, M. C. Cox 7, L. Orsucci 8, A. Fabbri 9, M. Frezzato 10, M. T. Voso 11, F. Zaja 12, F. Montanari 1, M. Merli 1, C. Pascutto 1, E. Morra 5, S. Cortelazzo 2, and M. Lazzarino 1

1 Division of Hematology, University of Pavia, Pavia
2 Division of Hematology, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo
3 Department of Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia
4 Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Pavia, Pavia
5 Division of Hematology, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milano
6 Division of Hematology, University La Sapienza, Roma
7 Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, University La Sapienza, Roma
8 Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Giovanni Battista, Torino
9 Division of Hematology, Policlinico S. Maria alle Scotte, University of Siena
10 Department of Hematology, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza
11 Department of Hematology, Catholic University Medical School, Roma
12 Division of Hematology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
L. Arcaini, E-mail: luca.arcaini{at}unipv.it


  Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is frequently associated with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. We investigated the prevalence of HCV infection in nongastric marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in order to define the relationship between the viral infection and the presenting features, treatment, and outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 172 patients with a histological diagnosis of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT, except for stomach, and with available HCV serology, among a series of 208 patients.

Results: HCV infection was documented in 60 patients (35%). Most HCV-positive patients (97%) showed a single MALT organ involvement. HCV-positive patients showed a more frequent involvement of skin (35%), salivary glands (25%), and orbit (15%). The majority of stage IV HCV-positive patients (71%) had a single MALT site with bone marrow involvement. The overall response rate was similar in HCV-positive (93%) and HCV-negative patients (87%). Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) did not differ according to HCV infection. In multivariate analysis, advanced disease (stage III-IV) was associated with a poorer OS (P = 0.0001), irrespective of HCV serostatus.

Conclusions: This study shows that nongastric marginal zone lymphomas are characterized by a high prevalence of HCV infection. Patients with involvement of a single MALT site have the highest prevalence of HCV. HCV-positive nongastric lymphomas of MALT show an indolent course similar to HCV-negative patients and seem an ideal target for exploiting the antilymphoma activity of antiviral treatments.

Keywords: hepatitis C virus; infectious agents; MALT lymphoma; marginal zone.
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