Annals of Oncology Advance Access published online on February 23, 2006
Annals of Oncology, doi:10.1093/annonc/mdl013
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1 Division of Medical Oncology C, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Background: To determine if protracted low-dose oral idarubicin (IDA), feasible in a previous dose-finding study, would result in similar activity and a better toxicity profile in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Patients and methods: Elderly women ( Results: Between April 1999 and June 2004, 47 elderly patients were accrued in this two-part study (14 and 33 patients respectively). The median age was 74 and 75 years respectively. Visceral involvement was present in most patients. A partial response was noted in 7/31 patients (22%; 95% CI, 9.6-41.1%). Eleven patients had stable disease (33%). At the dose of 5 mg/day the treatment was well tolerated. Neutropenia grade 4 was present in only 6% of patients; alopecia > grade 1 and cardiotoxicity did not occur. The median time to progression was 3 months and the median overall survival was 17 months. IDA Ctrough and IDOL Ctrough levels were significantly associated with haematologic toxicity. Conclusion: This study shows that idarubicin at the dose of 5 mg/day for 21 consecutive days is feasible and effective in elderly breast cancer patients but do not demonstrate an improvement in efficacy. A determination of the IDA and IDOL plasma levels (Ctrough) is predictive for toxicity.
Received November 10, 2005
Revised January 6, 2006
Accepted January 9, 2006
original article
Innovative schedule of oral idarubicin in elderly patients with metastatic breast cancer: comprehensive results of a phase II multi-institutional study with pharmacokinetic drug monitoring
D. Crivellari 1 *,
D. Lombardi 1,
G. Corona 2,
C. Massacesi 3,
R. Talamini 4,
R. Sorio 1,
M. D. Magri 1,
C. Lestuzzi 5,
A. Lucenti 6,
A. Veronesi 1,
and
G. Toffoli 2
2 Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
3 Division of Medical Oncology, Umberto Io Hospital, Ancona, Italy
4 Epidemiology and Biostatistic Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
5 Cardiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
6 Division of Medical Oncology, General Hospital, Trento, Italy
D. Crivellari, E-mail: dcrivellari{at}cro.it
Abstract 
65 years) with metastatic breast carcinoma were treated with 7.5 mg/day for 21 consecutive days, every 4 weeks. After the first fourteen patients, due to excessive toxicity, the protocol was amended to 5 mg/day. IDA and Idarubicinol (IDOL) plasma concentrations (Ctrough) were investigated in all patients.
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