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Annals of Oncology Advance Access originally published online on July 14, 2009
Annals of Oncology 2009 20(11):1763-1770; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdp245
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

reviews

Breast carcinoma—rare types: review of the literature

R. Yerushalmi1,*, M. M. Hayes2 and K. A. Gelmon1

1 Division of Medical Oncology
2 Department of Pathology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

* Correspondence to: Dr R. Yerushalmi, Division of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 600 W 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4E6. Tel: +1-604-877-6000-2594; Fax: +1-604-877-0585; E-mail: ryerushalmi{at}bccancer.bc.ca

Invasive breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease in its presentation, pathological classification and clinical course. However, there are more than a dozen variants which are less common but still very well defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The rarity of many of these neoplasms does not allow large or randomized studies to define the optimal treatment. Many of the descriptions of these cancers are from case reports and small series. Our review brings updated information on 16 epithelial subtypes as classified by the WHO system with a very concise histopathology description and parameters helpful in the clinic. The aim of our review is to provide a tool for breast cancer caregivers which will enable a better understanding of the disease and its optimal approach to therapy. This may also stand as a clinical framework for a future understanding of these rarer breast cancers when gene analysis work is reported.

Key words: breast carcinoma, epithelial breast cancer, prognosis, treatment, triple negative, World Health Organization classification

Received for publication February 23, 2009. Accepted for publication March 26, 2009.


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