Annals of Oncology Advance Access originally published online on February 24, 2006
Annals of Oncology 2006 17(5):866-873; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdl017
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© 2006 European Society for Medical Oncology
Results of a Phase I trial of sorafenib (BAY 43-9006) in combination with doxorubicin in patients with refractory solid tumors
1 West German Cancer Center, University of Essen; 2 Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Marienhospital Herne, University of Bochum; 3 Bayer HealthCare AG, Clinical Pharmacology, Wuppertal; 4 Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation, West Haven, CT, USA; 5 M.A.R.C.O. Institute for Clinical Research and Statistics Dr. Wargenau, Düsseldorf; 6 Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Marienhospital Herne, University of Bochum, Germany
* Correspondence to: PD Dr. D. Strumberg, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Marienhospital Herne, University of Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44621 Herne, Germany. Email: dirk.strumberg{at}marienhospital-herne.de
Background: Sorafenib (BAY 43-9006), a novel, oral multi-kinase inhibitor, blocks serine/threonine and receptor tyrosine kinases in the tumor and vasculature. Sorafenib demonstrated single-agent activity in Phase I studies, and was tolerated and inhibited tumor growth in combination with doxorubicin in preclinical studies. This Phase I dose-escalation study determined the safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of sorafenib plus doxorubicin.
Patients and methods: Thirty-four patients with refractory, solid tumors received doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 on Day 1 of 3-week cycles, and oral sorafenib from Day 4 of Cycle 1 at 100, 200 or 400 mg bid.
Results: Common drug-related adverse events were neutropenia (56%), handfoot skin reaction (44%), stomatitis (32%), and diarrhea (32%). The maximum tolerated dose was not reached. One patient with pleural mesothelioma achieved a partial response (modified WHO criteria) and remained on therapy for 39.7 weeks. Fifteen patients (48%) achieved stable disease for
12 weeks. Doxorubicin exposure increased moderately with sorafenib 400 mg bid. The pharmacokinetics of sorafenib and doxorubicinol were not affected.
Conclusion: Sorafenib 400 mg bid plus doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 was well tolerated. The increased doxorubicin exposure with sorafenib 400 mg bid did not result in significantly increased toxicity; low patient numbers make the clinical significance of this unclear. These promising efficacy results justify further clinical investigation.
Key words: BAY 43-9006, doxorubicin, Phase I, Raf kinase, sorafenib
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