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Annals of Oncology 2009 20(Supplement 4):iv64-iv67; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdp131
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

ESMO clinical recommendations

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: ESMO Clinical Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

P. G. Casali1, L. Jost2, P. Reichardt3, M. Schlemmer4, J.-Y. Blay5 and On behalf of the ESMO Guidelines Working Group*

1 Department of Cancer Medicine, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
2 Department of Oncology, Kantonsspital, Bruderholz, Switzerland
3 Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Helios Klinikum, Bad Saarow, Germany
4 III Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, Munich, Germany
5 INSERM U590, Claude Bernard University and Department of Oncology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France

* Correspondence to: ESMO Guidelines Working Group, ESMO Head Office, Via L. Taddei 4, CH-6962 Viganello-Lugano, Switzerland; E-mail: clinicalrecommendations@esmo.org

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   incidence
 
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are rare tumours, with an estimated incidence of 1.5/100 000/year.


   diagnosis
 
When GIST present as a small esophago-gastric or duodenal nodule ≤2 cm in size, endoscopic biopsy may be difficult, and laparoscopic/laparotomic excision may be the only way to get to a histologic diagnosis. Many of these small nodules are low-risk GIST or entities whose clinical significance remains unclear.

Therefore, the standard approach to these patients is endoscopic ultrasound assessment and then follow-up, reserving excision for patients whose tumour increases in size. Alternatively, the decision can be shared with the patient to make a histologic assessment. On the other hand, the standard approach to nodules >2 cm in size is biopsy/excision, because, if GIST, they imply a higher risk. The standard approach to rectal . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   staging and risk assessment
 

   treatment
 
limited disease
extensive disease
response evaluation

   follow-up
 

   note
 
consensus panel:

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