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Annals of Oncology Advance Access published online on October 7, 2008
Annals of Oncology, doi:10.1093/annonc/mdn625
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

review

Experimental results and related clinical implications of PET detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) in cancer

M. A. Pantaleo1,*, M. Nannini1, A. Maleddu1, S. Fanti2, C. Nanni2, S. Boschi3, F. Lodi3, G. Nicoletti4, L. Landuzzi4, P. L. Lollini5 and G. Biasco1

1 Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology "L.A. Seragnoli"
2 Nuclear Medicine Service
3 PET Radiopharmacy–Nuclear Medicine Service, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
4 Laboratory of Oncologic Research, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute
5 Cancer Research Section, Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

* Correspondence to: Dr M. A. Pantaleo, Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology "L.A. Seragnoli", Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy. Tel + 39 051 6364078; Fax + 39 051 6364037; E-mail: maria.pantaleo{at}unibo.it

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) is one of the most studied molecules as a target for cancer therapy. Over these last few years, several studies attempting to identify predictive biomarkers of treatment response, such as the receptor status or other molecules related to the downstream signalling pathway, have been conducted. However, from a clinical point of view, the information obtained from ex vivo analyses still has various limitations that may be overcome by the combination with molecular imaging technologies which may provide a noninvasive, global, in vivo evaluation of the molecular tumour background. The aim of this review is to report the preclinical results of all positron emission tomography (PET) tracers synthesized until now for in vivo detection of EGFr in cancer. Two classes of PET compounds have been developed: labelled small molecules such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and labelled monoclonal antibodies. The in vitro and in vivo results of these PET tracers are very different depending on the chemical properties, positron emission radionuclide, or animal models. As a consequence, various critical questions are still open, and the implications of a translation in the clinical setting for EGFr imaging in cancer patients is discussed.

colon cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr), lung cancer, monoclonal antibodies, PET, tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Received for publication June 30, 2008. Revision received July 18, 2008. Accepted for publication August 6, 2008.


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