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Annals of Oncology Advance Access originally published online on December 16, 2008
Annals of Oncology 2009 20(3):413-424; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdn666
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

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Angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

J. Ruan1,*, K. Hajjar2, S. Rafii3 and J. P. Leonard1

1 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoma and Myeloma
2 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
3 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, USA

* Correspondence to: Dr J. Ruan, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoma and Myeloma, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Room A-605A, NY 10065, USA. Tel: +1-212-746-2932; Fax: +1-212-746-3844; E-mail: jruan{at}med.cornell.edu

Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, requires dynamic expansion, assembly and stabilization of vascular endothelial cells in response to proangiogenic stimuli. Antiangiogenic strategies have become an important therapeutic modality for solid tumors. While many aspects of postnatal pathological angiogenesis have been extensively studied in the context of nonhematopoietic neoplasms, the precise role of these processes in lymphoma pathogenesis is under active investigation. Lymphoma growth and progression is potentiated by at least two distinct angiogenic mechanisms: autocrine stimulation of tumor cells via expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors by lymphoma cells, as well as paracrine influences of proangiogenic tumor microenvironment on both local neovascular transformation and recruitment of circulating bone marrow-derived progenitors. Lymphoma-associated infiltrating host cells including hematopoietic monocytes, T cells and mesenchymal pericytes have increasingly been associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of lymphoma, in part providing perivascular guidance and support to neoangiogenesis. Collectively, these distinct angiogenic mechanisms appear to be important therapeutic targets in selected non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. Understanding these pathways has led to the introduction of antiangiogenic treatment strategies into the clinic where they are currently under assessment in several ongoing studies of NHL patients.

Key words: angiogenesis, antiangiogenic therapy, microenvironment, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, VEGF

Received for publication July 1, 2008. Revision received September 5, 2008. Accepted for publication September 9, 2008.


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