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Annals of Oncology Advance Access originally published online on May 7, 2008
Annals of Oncology 2008 19(9):1634-1638; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdn182
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

hematologic malignancies

Biologic features and treatment outcome of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia—a review of 101 cases

R. Shivakumar1, W. Tan2, G. E. Wilding2, E. S. Wang1,3 and M. Wetzler1,*

1 Leukemia Section, Department of Medicine
2 Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute
3 Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

* Correspondence to: Dr M. Wetzler, Leukemia Section, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. Tel: +1-716-845-8447; Fax: +1-716-845-2343; E-mail: meir.wetzler{at}roswellpark.org

Background: Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) is a rare disease and its biologic features are not well characterized.

Patients and methods: We describe a cohort of seven patients and discuss 94 additional cases from the literature for whom biological parameters were described. Cases with incomplete data were excluded.

Results: Hodgkin's disease (HD) was more common in the 18–59 age group while breast and prostate cancers were prevalent only in the ≥18-year-old patients. The time interval to develop sALL was similar among all age groups but was significantly longer for HD and neuroblastoma primary diagnoses and sALL with complex karyotype. T-cell immunophenotype was more common in the <18 age group. Complete remission was infrequent in the ≥60 age group. The overall survival was poor for all sALL regardless of age, primary diagnoses, cytogenetic subgroups, or immunophenotype. Allogeneic transplantation most probably represents the only chance of cure.

Conclusion: Better identification of prognostic factors to prevent the occurrence of sALL is indicated.

Key words: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 11q23 aberrations, secondary neoplasms

Received for publication January 21, 2008. Revision received March 24, 2008. Accepted for publication March 27, 2008.


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