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Annals of Oncology Advance Access originally published online on March 9, 2007
Annals of Oncology 2007 18(9):1457-1466; doi:10.1093/annonc/mdm058
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© 2007 European Society for Medical Oncology

review

Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor as a molecular target in experimental anticancer therapy

DB Cornelio1,2, R Roesler1,2,3 and G Schwartsmann1,4,*

1 Cancer Research Laboratory, Academic Hospital Research Center
2 Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Biotechnology
3 Cellular and Molecular Neuropharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences
4 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

* Correspondence to: Dr G. Schwartsmann, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, 3o. andar Leste, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Tel: +55-51-2101-8012; Fax: +55-51-3388-2877; E-mail: gschwartsmann{at}hcpa.ufrgs.br

Over the last two decades, several lines of experimental evidence have suggested that the gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) may act as a growth factor in many types of cancer. For that reason, gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) antagonists have been developed as anticancer candidate compounds, exhibiting impressive antitumoral activity both in vitro and in vivo in various murine and human tumors. In this article, the GRPR cell surface expression profile in human malignancies is reviewed aiming at the identification of potential tumor types for future clinical trials with GRP analogues and antagonists. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the GRPR status in human malignancies. Source data were obtained by searching all published material available through Medline, PubMed and relevant articles from 1971 to 2006. The data available demonstrated a high expression of GRPRs in a large spectrum of human cancers, demonstrating the potential relevance of this intracellular signaling pathway in various human tumor models. The GRPR may be an interesting target for therapeutic intervention in human malignancies, as carriers for cytotoxins, immunotoxins or radioactive compounds, being also a potential tool for tumor detection.

Key words: bombesin-like peptides, gastrin-releasing peptide, gastrin-releasing peptide receptor

Received for publication September 18, 2006. Revision received January 18, 2007. Accepted for publication January 19, 2007.


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