© 2006 European Society for Medical Oncology
symposium article |
Oral vinorelbine plus capecitabine (oral vincap) combination in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). A phase II study of the GOIM (Gruppo Oncologico dell'Italia Meridionale)
1 Medical Oncology Unit, ‘Vito Fazzi’ Hospital, Lecce; 2 Medical Oncology Department, Oncology Institute, Bari
* Correspondence to: Dr V. Lorusso, Medical Onncology Unit, Ospedale Vito Fazzi, Lecce. Tel: +39-080-5555257; Fax: +39-080-5555257; E-mail: vitolorusso{at}inwind.it
Background: Vinorelbine i.v. and capecitabine are two of the most effective single agents in previously treated advanced breast cancer (ABC). A number of studies have been reported with the combination of these agents. Actually, the availability of oral formulation for vinorelbine allows a full oral combination of the two agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and toxicity of this novel combination.
Patients and methods: Thirty-eight advanced breast cancer patients refractory to anthracyclines and taxanes were included in this study. Treatment consisted of vinorelbine 60 mg/m2 (days 1 + 8), and capecitabine 2000 mg/m2 (days 2–7 and 9–16) every 3 weeks.
Results: A total of 228 courses were given with a mean of three cycles/patient (range 1–12). Five patients (13.1%) had no toxicity at all. Hematologic side-effects were: neutropenia grade 2–3 in seven patients (18.9%) and grade 4 in one patient (2.7%), anemia grade 1 in 11 patients (29.7%), grade 2–3 in five patients (13.5%), thrombocytopenia grade 1 in six patients (16.2%) and grade 3 in one patient (2.7%). Non-hematologic side-effects were: fatigue grade 1 in five patients (13.5%), hand–foot syndrome grade 1 in two patients (5.4%) and grade 2 in two patients (5.4%), nausea/vomiting grade 1 in two patients (5.4%), grade 2 in three patients (8.1%) and grade 3 in one patient (2.7%), constipation grade 1 in two patients (5.4%), peripheral neurotoxicity grade 1 in three patients (8.1%) and grade 2 in one patient (2.7%), gastric pain grade 1 in two patients (5.4%), stomatitis grade 1 in three patients (8.1%) and grade 2 in one patient (2.7%). Out of 38 patients assessable, we observed two (5.4%) CR, 13 (34 %) PR, 14 (37.8%) SD and nine (26.3%) PD. The median time to progression was 4.5 months (range 1–18 months), the median response duration was 7 months (range 2–18 months) and the median survival duration was 10 months (range 2–26+).
Conclusions: The oral vincap should be considered as an alternative to single agent capecitabine or vinorelbine in ABC refractory to antra-taxane combination.
Key words: capecitabine, vinorelbine, breast cancer, oral chemotherapy
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