Annals of Oncology 15:966-973, 2004
© 2004 European Society for Medical Oncology
Original Paper |
Consensus report on the use of somatostatin analogs for the management of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system
Received 22 December 2003; accepted 27 January 2004This consensus report gives a detailed description of the use of somatostatin analogs in the management of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system. As background information we have outlined critical aspects of the pathology, the use of tumor markers, a definition of functional and non-functional digestive neuroendocrine tumors, different imaging modalities, surgical considerations, liver embolization and the use of cytotoxic drugs as well as interferon. Included in the report is an overview of somatostatin, somatostatin analogs and its receptor expression in different neuroendocrine tumors. It will also define the binding affinities of different somatostatin analogs to the five different subtypes of somatostatin receptor. We compare the efficacy of octreotide and lanreotide in reducing diarrhea and flushing. Side-effects are described and we provide practical information on somatostatin analog treatment.
1 Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; 2 University of South Florida, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; 3 Center for Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; 4 II School of Medicine, Ospedale Sant, Andrea, Università degli Studi di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy; 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 6 Departimento di Patologica e Medicina di Laboratorio, Sezione di Anatomica, Patologica, Universita degli Studi, Panua, Italy; 7 Hospital Beaujon, Service de Gastroenterologie, Clichy, France; 8 Lousiana University, Health Service Center, New Orleans, LA, USA; 9 Medizinische Klinik M.S., Head of Department, Hepatologie und Gastroenterologie, Berlin, Germany
Key words: gastroenteropancreatic system, lanreotide, neuroendocrine tumors, octreotide, somatostatin, somatostatin analogs, tumor markers, imaging
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