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Annals of Oncology 12:161-172, 2001
© 2001 European Society for Medical Oncology

review-article

Hepatocellular carcinoma

S. A. Hussain1, D. R. Ferry1, G. El-Gazzaz2, D. F. Mirza2, N. D. James1, P. McMaster1 and D. J. Kerr1,

1CRC Institute for Cancer Studies, University Hospital Birmingham
2Lever and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Edghaston, Birmingham, UK

CRC Institute For Cancer Studies University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham, B15 2TH UK

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer of men and eleventh most common cancer of women world-wide. However, because almost every individual who develops liver cancer dies of the disease, HCC is the third most common cause of the cancer deaths in men and seventh most common in women. The treatment of choice for hepatocellular carcinoma remains surgical resection or liver transplantation, in carefully selected cases. In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to surgical intervention a variety of different therapeutic interventions have been investigated. These include direct ablation of the tumour using agents such as ethanol or acetic acid, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, or systemic chemotherapy. The evaluation of their efficacy is compromised by the paucity of adequately powered randomised clinical trials. The main challenge facing the research community over the next decade is to prioritise the most promising treatments and take these forward into multicentre controlled trials. Even if these fail to improve results, they will help reduce the variation in clinical practice by eliminating anecdotal treatment.

chemotherapy, hepatocellular cancer, resection, transplantation


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